Stories & Soliloquies

Stories & Soliloquies
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    • Philosopher Fridays: Benjamin on Books and Stories

      Posted at 1:00 pm by Michelle Joelle, on February 6, 2015

      Welcome back to Philosopher Fridays, a twice monthly series wherein I post my thoughts on various philosophers. Last time, I gave some background on Walter Benjamin, and this I’ll extend this analysis to two of his shorter essays. While I usually craft a larger narrative for entries like this, I’m going to take up the spirit of Benjamin’s ruins and present, without comment, only fragments of these pieces, both from the Schocken Books volume Illuminations: Essays and Reflections, edited by Hannah Arendt.

      These quotes are not quite “favorites” per se, but instead haunting echoes that I cannot shake. Going back over them now, five years after I read them for the first time, I clearly see that I’ve inherited more than just my penchant for dashes from Benjamin’s essays on books, collections, storytelling, history, narrative, and nostalgia.

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      From Unpacking My Library: A Talk About Book Collecting 

      “Every passion borders on the chaotic, but the collector’s passion borders on the chaos of memories. More than that: the chance, the fate, that suffuse the past before my eyes are conspicuously present in the accustomed confusion of these books. For what else is this collection but a disorder to which habit has accommodated itself to such an extent that it can appear as order?” -p. 60

      “To renew the old world – that is the collector’s deepest desire when he is drives to acquire new things, and that is why a collector of older books is closer to the wellsprings of collecting that the acquirer of luxury editions.” – p. 61

      “…one of the finest memories of a collector is the moment when he rescued a book to which he might never have given a thought, much less a wishful look, because he found it lonely and abandoned on the market place and bought it to give it is freedom… To a book collector, you see, the true freedom of all books is somewhere on his shelves.” – p. 64

      “O bliss the collector, bliss of the man of leisure! Of no one has less been expected, and no one has been able to carry on his disreputable existence in the mask of Spitzweg’s ‘Bookworm.’ For inside him there are spirits, or at least little genii, which have seen to it that for a collector – and I mean a real collector, a collector as he ought to be – ownership is the most intimate relationship that one can have to objects. Not that they come alive in him; it is he who lives in them.” – p. 67

      From The Storyteller: Reflections on the Works of Nikolai Leskov

      “Experience which is passed on from mouth to mouth is the course from which all storytellers have drawn. And among those who have written down the tales, it is the great ones whose written versions differ least from the speech of the many nameless storytellers.” – p. 84

      “The art of storytelling is reaching its end because the epic side of truth, wisdom, is dying out. This, however, is a process that has been going on for the long time. And nothing would be more fatuous than to want to see in it merely a ‘symptom of decay,’ let alone a ‘modern’ symptom. It is, rather, only a concomitant symptom of the secular productive forces of history, a concomitant that has quite gradually removed narrative from the realm of living speech and at the same time is making it possible to see a new beauty in what is vanishing.” – p. 87

      “Actually, it is half the art of storytelling to keep a story free from explanation as one reproduces it… It is left up to him to interpret things the way he understands them, and thus the narrative achieves an amplitude that information lacks.” – p. 89

      “Boredom is the dream bird that hatches the egg of experience. A rustling in the leaves drives him away. His nesting places – the activities that are intimately associated with boredom – are already extinct in the cities and are declining in the country as well. With this the gift for listening is lost and community of listeners disappears. For storytelling is always the art of repeating stories, and this art is lost when the stories are no longer retained. It is lost because there is no more saving and spinning to go on while they are being listened to. The more self-forgetful the listener is, the more deeply is what he listens to impressed upon his memory. When the rhythm of work has seized him, he listens to the tales in such a way that the gift of retelling them comes to him all by itself. This, then, is the nature of the web in which the gift of storytelling is cradled. This is how today it is becoming unraveled at all its ends after being woven thousands of the years ago in the ambience of the oldest forms of craftsmanship.” – p. 91

      “…the difference between the writer of history, the historian, and the teller of it, the chronicler …[is that]… The historian is bound to explain in one way or another the happenings with which he deals; under no circumstances can he content himself with displaying them as models of the course of the world. But this is precisely what the chronicler does, especially in his classical representatives, the chroniclers of the Middle Ages, the precursors of the historians today. By basing their tales on a divine plan of salvation – an inscrutable one – they have from the very start lifted the burden of demonstrable explanation from their own shoulders. Its place is taken by interpretation, which is not concerned with an accurate concatenation of definite events, but with the way these events are embedded in the great inscrutable course of the world.” – p. 96

      “The liberating magic which the fairy tale has at its disposal does not bring nature into play in a mythical way, but points to its complicity with liberated man. A mature man feels this complicity only occasionally, that is, when he is happy; but the child first meets it in fairy tales, and it makes him happy.” – p. 102

      “The storyteller: he is the man who could let the wick of his life be consumed completely by the gentle flame of his story… The storyteller is the figure in which the righteous man encounters himself.” – p. 108, 109

      _____________________________________

      It feels a little strange to leave these quotes without any final word, but I think I’m still too caught up with some of these fragments to give any commentary that I wouldn’t immediately wish to rescind. I will be returning Benjamin one last time the week after next to tackle his most famous essay: The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction, but until then I would love to hear your thoughts on, and impressions of, these quotes.

      Posted in Series | 10 Comments | Tagged benjamin, books, collecting, historicity, history, narrative, nostalgia, philosopher fridays, philosophy, stories, storytelling, walter benjamin
    • Mini-Syllabus: Introduction to Viking Lore

      Posted at 12:30 pm by Michelle Joelle, on January 28, 2015

      Last year I wrote that I like to read books in coherent clumps. When I pick a book to read, I generally find myself seeking more like it, branching out step by step until I’ve completed what essentially becomes a miniature syllabus. I’ve decided to show off some of these syllabi. Some are more coherent than others, some built chronologically, others by theme, but all of them held together by a central set of questions.

      The starting question for today’s syllabus is pretty simple – I wanted to know all about Vikings and their tales. I’ve had a mild interest in Norse mythology and history in the past, but I’ve never given it any serious, dedicated study. My interest has always been in terms of something – Norse influence on Irish culture (major), Norse influence on Tolkien, Norse influence on language, on navigation, on colonialism, on storytelling, on pretty much everything under the sun (seriously, the North men went everywhere and touched everything) – but after my trip to L’Anse Aux Meadows in Newfoundland, I was ready to tackle it head on, particularly in terms of Vinland, and in terms of the Vikings as storytellers.

      IMG_3713

      I waded in slowly, picking up a piece of historical fiction, but have since branched out into the major foundational texts behind Norse storytelling, some history, and an endless array of sagas. While this list will be terribly obvious for anyone with even the smallest interest in Norse history, I hope it will be helpful for anyone who is just getting started.

      Your Starting Point in Modern Fiction:

      photo 1

      1) Eiriksdottir, by Joan Clark – I purchased this at The Norseman, a restaurant in L’Anse Aux Meadows, and it’s so well written. I had heard a little bit of Freydis’ tale during Sagas and Shadows (a storytelling hour in the longhouse), but the book can stand alone to introduce you to the tale. I admit that I enjoyed knowing the tale beforehand, as the details of it all are quite mysterious. Clark’s version is a dark and gritty speculation about those details.

      The Essentials:

      photo 4

      2) The Prose Edda: Norse Mythology, by Snorri Sturluson – This is basically a manual to Norse mythology; it tells you a little bit about the stories and sagas, but it mainly gives you the content and tools you need to tell them yourself. My favorite takeaway device: the kenning.

      3) Poetic Edda, translated by Carolyne Larrington – This text gives you Icelandic verse and heroic poems, just as they are. The verses themselves lay out the world view of the Vikings, drawing heavily on references you learn about in the Prose Edda.

      Three Sagas:

      photo 3

      While there are many sagas to choose from, I’d say that these three will give you the most payoff for your reading. Of course, you could just dive in and read them all, but this is just an introduction.

      4) The Vinland Sagas – Because these tell of Eirik the Red and Leif Eirikson, they tie directly to the tale of Freydis Eiriksdottir, and so are an absolute must if you’re starting out with Joan Clark’s book.

      5) King Harald’s Saga – Harald Fairhair is roughly the epitome of Vikings. He’s a bit less of a rogue than Eirik the Red (who was more of an outlaw), so he gives you a better insight into the workings of Norse society.

      6) The Saga of the Volsungs – This is the saga you want to read to get an understanding of the Germanic ring cycle that inspired Wagner. Because it has the most obvious connections to more modern stories, it really demonstrates the legacy of Viking storytelling.

      Audio Augmentation:

      7) LibriVox’s recording of Jennie Hall’s Viking Tales, a children’s version of King Harald’s Saga – Viking tales are better heard than read, and are meant to be not just recited, but retold. This is a great example, and it is free online.

      8) BBC In Our Time‘s Podcast on the Icelandic Sagas – This is effectively your course lecture on the rich Norse tradition of storytelling, featuring the incomparable Melvyn Bragg with academic speakers on Medieval literature, Scandinavian history, and Icelandic manuscripts.

      Bonus Background Reading:

      photo 2

      If you’re not quite satisfied at this point, I recommend the following three non-fiction works to keep you going:

      9) Gods and Myths of Northern Europe, by H.R. Ellis Davidson – For an in-depth look at the tradition of myth-making and storytelling of the Vikings, this is an accessible bit of scholarship.

      10) The Vikings and Their Age, by Angus A. Somerville and R. Andrew McDonald – This is a great historical textbook for getting to know the non-mythological components of the sagas, which helps to make sense of their complicated “sort of true” foundations.

      11) Vinland Revisited: The Norse World at the Turn of the First Millennium, edited by Shannon Lewis-Simpson – This is a wonderful collection of papers all focused on the history of the Viking voyages and settlements West of Europe, with a special focus, of course, on what led the Vikings to L’Anse aux Meadows (and why there’s good reason to think it’s part of the Vinland Sagas).

      IMG_3737

      TL;DR: If this is all just a bit too much, and you’d like a contemporary and comprehensive introduction to Norse lore, The Norse Myths, by Kevin Crossley-Holland is great way to cover some of the material more quickly.

       

      Posted in Series | 10 Comments | Tagged book list, canada, harald fairhair, history, myths, newfoundland, norse mtyhology, reading list, sagas, storytelling, syllabus, viking sagas, vikings, vinland
    • To Build a World

      Posted at 11:30 am by Michelle Joelle, on October 14, 2014

      One of the most enjoyable aspects of writing a story is building the setting. Even if you’re not writing a fantasy tale, there’s no escaping the task of world building. Every story takes place within a particular setting, in a particular time, and with particular attributes that stand out above all else for a particular character. It doesn’t matter how closely you attempt to replicate the real world – you’re not just building a world, you’re building a worldview.

      Tolkien calls this “sub-creation“, because you’re not exactly creating something new, but rather collecting the bits and pieces of what you know and selecting and rearranging the details and images and ideas until you get something that feels unique and palpable and exceedingly particular.

      The fun part of writing is that I get to build my own little worlds. A while back, I came across an article about world building that suggested there were essentially three different ways to approach the task:

      1. As an architect, wherein you plan out all of the details and construct everything out ahead of time.
      2. As a gardener, wherein you suss out the rules as you need them, learning about the laws of your world little by little, but still paying them close mind.
      3. As a tourist, wherein you get into the mindset of your characters and discover things as you find them.

      While I’m a little fuzzy on the difference between the gardener and the tourist, I generally like these classifications. I find myself bouncing back and forth between planning out the big picture and letting the characters and the moments speak. There’s danger in getting too caught up in either mode. Look too long at the big picture, and while you might have a ton of fun ironing out all of the details, you lose the story. Look too closely at the details, and you write yourself into corners and inconsistencies.

      This article from the Writers Digest blog that speaks to trick of finding this very balance. It’s a good read. I also recommend Flannery O’Connor’s essays on writing in the collection Mystery and Manners: Occasional Prose.

      I approach story-worlds as series of images and moments that are rich and memorable. Some of my favorite moments in literature have nothing to do with the overall story and everything to do with these little details. Because of CS Lewis, I’ll never stop looking for secret passageways between connecting houses and through closet doors. Because of Madeleine L’Engel, I’ll always long for a midnight hot cocoa with my mom. Because of Roald Dahl, I’ll always be afraid of the chokey. I’d give anything to have breakfast at Longbourne, face Ender in the battle room, join Phaedrus for a walk among the trees, or feast with the Elves at Rivendell.

      These aren’t just story elements, they’re little moments that make up the world in which the stories take place, and the good ones can almost stand on their own. My memory is full of these little moments – fireplaces, outfits, evenings, cups of tea, teachers, storms, ideas, toys, views, time periods, towns, trains, and more. Each little memory opens up a world in my imagination where I can dwell for a while.

      I’m still working out how to create these moments in my own writing, but I like to think in details and images that give the world texture while also providing structure. I give myself landmarks and then work my way towards them.  It’s a good system in that it gives me a goal driven narrative, but allows me the flexibility to discover things I didn’t see coming.

      In the end, I’d have to say that I’m the gardener. I lay out a structure, plant a few seeds, and then tend the world emerges from the soil.

      Posted in Essays | 7 Comments | Tagged stories, storytelling, world building, writing
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