Stories & Soliloquies

Stories & Soliloquies
    • Category: Essays

      • On Allegory and the Death of the Author

        Posted at 10:00 am by michellejoelle, on November 26, 2013

        After thinking about my post the other day, “It All Comes Back to Stories“, I wanted to come back to the ideas I started at the end. Basically, when it comes to dealing with clearly stated messages, we have a tendency to recoil and retreat back into examples, images, and stories. A dense philosophical text makes more sense to us if we can turn it into a story in our minds. I’m all for this.

        However, I mentioned in the second part of my essay “Sacramental Imagining” that I agreed with Tolkien’s assessment of allegory – that it exacts a kind of tyranny on its readers that was a little unsavory, and eminently harmful for the story. I’d like to qualify that sentiment. While I still think that stories work better as applicable metaphors than as rigid allegories, I do love the cave in Plato’s Republic, Lewis’s Chronicles of Narnia, Orwell’s Animal Farm, and even Tolkien’s own Leaf, by Niggle. All of these are allegories.

        The thing about these allegories is that with the exception of The Cave, they are great stories as much as they are devices, and as such they can be reapplied to different situations or messages, or taken just as stories in themselves. Leaf, by Niggle can tell us as much about art as it can the afterlife, and Animal Farm is as much a lesson in the perils of power as it is a lesson in Russian history. And they’re eminently entertaining as mere stories.

        On the other hand, Plato’s Cave may not have much of a story by itself, but it is employed not subversively, but openly – it makes no pretense to trickery, but instead serves as explanatory example of principles argued for conceptually in previous books. It seems less tyrannical for its honesty. Beyond this, you can easily find ways of seeing lessons in the allegory of the cave that go beyond merely illustrating Socrates’ point in context. People take it out of context all the time, to great effect.

        But allegory is hard to get right. You want the message to work without dominating the reader. You want to be able to see the message, but still have the story work if you don’t. But in the latter scenario, is it still the same story? In Walter Benjamin’s Arcades Project, he develops an idea of historiography as a dialectical disruption, an academic move which tears a moment in time from its both its place in the temporal flow, losing sits places in chains of cause and effect, as its lateral context. It becomes something new and different when ripped free and concretized by the outside observer who is mired in her own flowing context. You want to disrupt the one-to-one comparison just enough to allow for some imagination in interpretation, but if you’re trying to say something specific, something you think is important, it can be tough to let it be so ripped from you and its intended context. It cannot be easy for an author to send their story out into the world, where it might – or will – be torn from them and created anew by readers. Overt allegory is one way of planting firm contextual ground in your work, one way of keeping an auteurial hold on a story so it cannot rip free and be cast off alone into the wind.

        Posted in Essays | 0 Comments | Tagged Allegory, Animal Farm, Chronicles of Narnia, Plato, reading, tolkien, writing
      • It All Comes Back to Stories

        Posted at 1:00 pm by michellejoelle, on November 22, 2013

        The writer of the blog Standing Ovation, Seated, username artmoscow, has a gift for seeing stories in paintings and explaining how the nonverbal elements of the painting really speak to a viewer. I’ve learned a lot from reading his recent blog posts and also combing the archives.

        People like to say that art can mean anything, and that every interpretation is valid, and that’s sort of true. But as much as art is open to interpretation, there’s also a guiding structure that at the very least narrows the path. Though the path might lead anywhere, there’s still a defined path, whether that path is straight and marked with boundaries and guardrails, or whether it is overgrown and meandering, or teetering on the edge of a cliff. There’s a story there, and that’s why art speaks to us, even if we don’t take the time to puzzle it out.

        Stories crop up in a lot of places that we don’t expect – in a painting or photograph, in a song, or even in a well planned meal. With Thanksgiving coming up, I can’t help but think of the non-verbal associations that food calls forth in a rush a of flavor and warmth. Even though we supply much of the content that is evoked, the signposts given by the artistry of the work tap into different memories and tell our minds what to call up. There’s a story there, and we’re able to write it around the emotional content the artwork conveys, and find meaning.

        But when it comes to work that leads with a verbal expression of its meaning, however, we still try to figure out how to make it into a story, coming back from the message so that we can figure out the emotional content underneath. We take a precise explanation of a concept and say to ourselves, once again: yes, but what does this mean to me?

        My day job is teaching and studying philosophy. Even though a great number of the texts I teach openly state their message, explaining what the message means to us nearly always comes down to effective story-telling. Plato tackles this idea in his Republic; Socrates begins by laying the concepts out for his interlocutors plainly – and none of them really seem to get it. So he pedals back a bit, using models to make his concepts less conceptual, and then he pedals back again until the Republic dissolves into allegory, and even open fictions about the message. It’s weirdly clearer that way. Socrates ironically delves deeper and deeper into the cave as he’s trying to lead us out. It is inevitable; story is the lens through which we finite humans, trapped in the linear experience of our own subjective narratives, see the world.

        Posted in Essays | 0 Comments | Tagged art, artmoscow, Augustine, jamie wallace, philosophy, Plato, stories
      • Professionalism

        Posted at 10:24 am by michellejoelle, on November 11, 2013

        There’s an idea floating around out in the sphere of writing-blogs. People seem somewhat annoyed by the notion that “anyone” could be a writer. It’s a serious profession, they claim, and it should be left to the professionals.

        While they are right about it being a serious profession, the idea of just leaving it to the professionals who are officially sanctioned feels wrong. There are two pieces in particular that I came across while perusing the “Freshly Pressed” page at wordpress.com, and to which I replied hastily and, probably, inelegantly. I’ll try to do a bit better here.

        The first is this article on the difference between being a professional and being a hobbyist. If she were to just leave it as “here’s when you can call yourself a professional” I’d probably not have even taken note, but she seems to exalt the professional title beyond what its worth. She meets a man who claims to be a photographer. After some interrogation, she learns that he is “actually” a bartender, and in the article sort of shames him for “pretending”, without ever really getting to know his art. Now if he lied and said he was a successful professional, that’s a different issue – but it doesn’t seem to be the issue at hand.

        There are times when professional credentials are hugely important – medicine, teaching, mechanics, etc. In these areas, the general populace doesn’t have the ability and knowledge to check the work of the purveyor, and in those cases, past history is rather helpful. For example, I wouldn’t be able to determine which doctor was best by simply checking their work – it would be complicated and require that I learn a significant amount of science. In that case, I’m glad for credentials.

        With art, however, success is measured by both critical acclaim and popular opinion. Artists can be a one-hit-wonders, industry credentials be damned. Beyond this, you can be a bad artist and still BE an artist. Lots of bad artists and writers are paid prodigiously for their work, while many incredibly talented people are overlooked.

        And to be fair – there are also loads of terrible accountants, mechanics, and dentists who are perfectly well credentialed.

        More to the point, can’t you still identify with your art even if you’re not a successful professional? The author’s definition (which she borrows from another blogger) of who can claim to be a writer is someone who has commercially accepted, published work with a great sales record. By this definition, Kafka was merely a hobbyist – a lawyer, primarily, who sometimes wrote. Is that really what we want to say? 

        A lot of the time, owning your art is what makes you successful. I went through a phase in college where I told people I was a painter. And I sold a painting. Claiming your art as your identity is like giving yourself permission to be the person you want to be, and to do the things you want to do, regardless of whether you have external validation. 

        In this second article, the author says no to NaNoWriMo, and compares trying to write a novel in a month with trying to compose a symphony in a month, or choreograph a ballet in a month. She’s worried that people might some how be harmed by this attempt – it’ll take them away from their true art, or it’ll discourage them when they realize that novel writing is something to be left to those with the refinement of a lifelong practitioner.

        It’s a comparison designed to hold the novelist up as a highly trained specialist. But novels come in so many forms that even among the great and well-known novels, such specialization is not reducible to something as specific as choreographing a ballet. It’s closer to trying to choreograph some dance, of any degree of difficulty, and any degree of quality. Just like someone choreographed Swan Lake, someone choreographed the hokey-pokey, too. Some novels are Slaughterhouse Five, and some are just fun stories which can speak to people without incredible nuance.

        And even if you don’t have the training to be great, your work still has value. I organize dance workshops where we invite literally anyone off the street to come in and learn how to dance. There’s a huge annual event called National Dance Day, where everyone is invited to try and learn a choreographed dance and take lessons. Just dive in and try it, because even if they’re not ever going to be a professional dancers, it is still great fun.

        Trying to write a novel is closer to that.  Sure, if you get up off the couch with no training and launch your self into a split-leap, you’ll hurt yourself, but does that mean you should shy away from Zumba? If I attempted to write an astro-physics textbook, I might strain something, but attempting to write a quiet ode to my childhood? I think I can handle that without getting hurt. Signing up for NaNoWriMo was actually an incredible way to give myself permission to make my passion my priority – even if I’m not a professional.

        NaNoWriMo and National Dance Day aren’t the only programs out there asking people to join in a task that seems impossible. Eric Whitacre’s Virtual Choir invites people to record themselves singing a vocal part and upload to a website where his team will merge the files together to create a full choral sound. It’s a beautiful, wonderful thing. There are also a number of citizen science initiatives out there that ask people to do what would otherwise be outside of the realm of possibility. Kaggle competitions let people with passion prove themselves with the quality of their work. NASA’s citizen science program lets people join in the fun of data collecting. You can do science without being a professional scientist.

        No one is pretending these initiatives will make you into a professional. For that, you’ll need training, practice, and talent. But there’s still value there. While there are some good criticisms of NaNoWriMo out there (like this one by Michael Allen Leonard from Public Domain), generally speaking, I can’t really see what harm there is in encouraging people to challenge themselves. The worst that can happen is that they stop trying, and then the naysayers get what they wanted in the first place – fewer people “pretending” to be writers.

        Write because you love it (and click that link, because Christian Mihai is worth it), and you are a writer. It comes from you. 

        Most likely, the novel I write this month will be terrible and no one will ever read it. I’m ok with that. I do a lot of things at which I will never be great simply because I love doing them. So if I’m out, and someone wants to know who I am, I might just say that I’m a writer, a painter, and a Lindy Hopper, even though I am a professional at none of these things.  

        And yes, I’ll say I’m a lowly adjunct philosophy professor too. I’ve got all the credentials I need for that.

        Related articles
        • NaNoWriMo isn’t bad. You are. (chazzwrites.com)
        • 10 Top Reasons People Use To Avoid Choral Singing (singingoutloudblog.wordpress.com)
        • Naysayers, be gone!! (jingology.wordpress.com)
        Posted in Essays | 13 Comments | Tagged Kaggle, NaNoWriMo, National Dance Day, professionalism, Virtual Choir, writing
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